The whole orchard mechanization equipment includes 8 links: ploughing, furrowing and fertilizing, irrigation, plant protection, mowing, flower and fruit management, branch pruning and branch crushing.

1, plowing

The main agricultural power machinery in this segment is the tractor. Factors to consider is first of all the power output, that is, the size of the horsepower, orchards generally purchase more than 50 horsepower of machinery. Secondly, the choice of wheeled and tracked?

Wheeled less metal consumption, low manufacturing costs, rubber tires with convenience and mobility, can be used in the field and road transport operations. Crawler type has good adhesion performance, large traction, suitable for heavy load traction work, good passing performance on soft and wet soil, strong climbing ability, suitable for mountainous and hilly areas.

Comprehensively speaking, the wheeled tractor is more widely used.

2, open furrow fertilizer

This link of power machinery is mainly furrowing machine.

Garden disk type furrowing machine traction resistance is small, adaptable, broken soil capacity, but the structure is complex, high manufacturing process requirements, low efficiency.

Spiral furrow opener structure is simple, the open furrow wall is flat, but the blade is easy to wear, blade processing and replacement are not convenient, the size of the working parts is large.

Chain trenchers are simple in structure, high in efficiency, the trench wall is neat, easy to adjust the trench depth and width, suitable for opening narrow and deep trench, but the blades are easy to wear and tear, and the power consumption is large.

When choosing different types of furrow openers, we should consider soil characteristics, furrowing requirements and other factors.

3, irrigation

Orchard irrigation system mainly has two kinds of sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation.

Sprinkler irrigation is the use of water pumps will be pressurized water sent to the orchard, through the deployment of the pressure pipeline will be pressurized water from the nozzle jet into the air scattered into tiny droplets, evenly sprinkled on the fruit trees in a kind of irrigation. Micro-irrigation is through a low-pressure piping system, water and nutrients required for crop growth in a small flow, uniform, accurate and direct delivery to the soil near the crop roots of an irrigation method.

4, plant protection

At present, China's use of backpack manual sprayer still accounts for more than 80%. In recent years the orchard wind sprayer has been small-scale popularization and application. Orchard wind sprayer is relying on the powerful airflow generated by the fan will be blown to all parts of the fruit tree droplets.

5, mowing

Mowers use the engine and transmission system to drive the blades or beat the grass rope rotating at high speed to cut vegetation. At present, the domestic lawn mower including manpower hanging type, power suspension reciprocating type, power suspension spiral type, disc type, cart type, roller type and ride-on type. At present, the purchase of lawn mowers for the parameters of the cut width and stubble height.

6, flower and fruit management

Available on the domestic market, including manual and electric tools for flower and fruit thinning, electric efficiency is 5 to 10 times the manual work. Developed countries mostly use high-speed rotary axis driven plastic rope rotation to achieve flower and fruit thinning.

7, branch and leaf pruning

Pruning machinery including fruit tree electric short pruning, fruit tree pneumatic short pruning and fruit tree pneumatic high pruning. The use of this product does not require muscle power, power provided by the air compressor, the maximum diameter of up to 30 millimeters of branches can also be cut freely.

8、Branch crushing

Branches are utilized in the way of branch return to the garden, gasification technology, liquefaction technology, power generation technology, mushroom cultivation and do solid forming fuel and so on. Regardless of which way of utilization must be pre-treated through the crushing process link, branches can be effectively utilized. Parameters considered, one is branch diameter, size of crushed particles, power source. Power source for the electric motor is common, electric motor power supply most of the need for a fixed place, not convenient for mobile operation; power source for the tractor and gasoline engine, diesel engine has also been studied, so as to solve the problem of crushing machinery movement.